Internet Glossary


Joda and Kevin's Internet Glossary

bandwidth- The transmission capacity of an electronic line such as a communications network, computer bus or computer channel. It is expressed in bits per second, bytes per second or in Hertz

modem- (MOdulator-DEModulator) A device that adapts a terminal or computer to a telephone line. It converts the computer's digital pulses into audio frequencies (analog) for the telephone system and converts the frequencies back into pulses at the receiving side.

domain- In a communications network, all resources under the control of a single computer system.

ping- (Packet INternet Groper) An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by sending out a packet and waiting for a response.

pkzip- a program that shrinks files so that they are easier to transport

kermit- An asynchronous file transfer protocol developed at Columbia University, noted for its accuracy over noisy lines. Several extensions exist, including SuperKermit, a full-duplex, sliding window version.

archive- To copy data onto a different disk or tape for backup.

FTP- (File Transfer Protocol) A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). It includes functions to log onto the network, list directories and copy files.

URL- (Uniform Resource Locator) The address that defines the route to a file on the Web or any other Internet facility.

HTML- (HyperText Markup Language) The document format used on the World Wide Web.

CGI- (Computer Graphics Interface) A device independent graphics language for display and printing that stemmed from GKS.

bookmark- A stored location for quick retrieval at a later date. Web browsers provide bookmarks that contain the addresses (URLs) of favorite sites.

Linux- A version of UNIX that runs on x86, Alpha and PowerPC machines.

link- On the World Wide Web, an address (URL) to another document on the same server or on any remote server

mirror- An alternate site that contains the same information.

CompuServe- An online information service that provides access to the Internet, e-mail and a variety of databases.

packet- A block of data (a frame) used for transmission in LANs and packet switching systems.

ethernet- A local area network (LAN) developed by Xerox, Digital and Intel (IEEE 802.3).

FAQ- (Frequently Asked Questions) A group of commonly-asked questions about a subject along with the answers.

TCPIP- (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) A communications protocol developed under contract from the U.S.

byte- (BinarY TablE) The common unit of computer storage from micro to mainframe.

telnet- A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on the Internet

GIF- (Graphics Interchange Format) A popular raster graphics file format developed by CompuServe.

java- A programming language for Internet (World Wide Web) and intranet applications from Sun.

hypertext- A linkage between related text.

IRC- (Internet Relay Chat) Computer conferencing on the Internet.

Internet explorer- A Web browser.

kilobytes- For technical specifications, it refers to 1,024 bytes.

browser- A program that lets you look through a set of data.

Netscape- A company that specializes in World Wide Web software, including the Netscape Navigator.

download- To receive a file transmitted over a network.

Eudora- A very popular Internet mail program.

protocol- Rules governing transmitting and receiving of data.

firewall- A method for keeping a network secure.

jpeg- (Joint Photographic Experts Group) standard for compressing still images.

HTTP- (HyperText Transport Protocol) The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web.

internet- "The" Internet is made up of more than 100,000 interconnected networks in over 100 countries, comprised of commercial, academic and government networks.

search engine- Software that searches for data based on some criteria.

WWW- An Internet facility that links documents locally and remotely.

web page- A page in a World Wide Web document.

mp3- An audio compression technology that is part of the MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 specifications.

bitmap- A binary representation in which a bit or set of bits corresponds to some part of an object such as an image or font.

E-mail- The transmission of memos and messages over a network.

server- A computer in a network shared by multiple users.

null modem cable- An RS-232 cable used to connect two personal computers together in close proximity for file transfer.

MOPS- (Mega Operations Per Second) The measurement of instructional performance of a system.

C++- An object-oriented version of C created by Bjarne Stroustrup.

cookie- Data created by a Web server that is stored on a user's computer.